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History of agriculture in Oceania

4 topics: Kuk: independent agricultural origins in New Guinea; Budj Bim: Gunditjmara Aquaculture and Water Management; Kūmara in Aotearoa: Māori Gardens and…

Kuk: independent agricultural origins in New Guinea: c. 5000–4500 BCE, Kuk, Wahgi Valley, Papua New Guinea. Cultivation mounds, taro and bananas reveal a distinct New Guinean pathway towards agriculture.
Budj Bim: Gunditjmara Aquaculture and Water Management: c. 6600 cal BP · millennia of modification; UNESCO 2019, Australia, south-western Victoria: Tae Rak, Kurtonitj and Tyrendarra. Channels, stone barriers and holding ponds enabled Gunditjmara communities to direct water, retain eels and sustain a long-lived food economy.
Kūmara in Aotearoa: Māori Gardens and Winter Reserves: From the thirteenth century · adaptation across later centuries, Aotearoa/New Zealand; Triangle Flat, Ōtuataua and Pūrākaunui. Māori adapted Polynesian crops to a seasonal climate through soil modification, storage and detailed knowledge of local environments.
Dunedin 1882: Frozen Meat Connects Farm and London: 1882 · first successful New Zealand shipment to Britain, Totara Estate, Port Chalmers and London. Refrigeration opened a distant market for meat, connecting sheep farming with railways, industrial works and ocean shipping.