Agricultural production in India
According to FAOSTAT, India produced 391 million t of cereals (3rd in the world), 146 million t of vegetables (2nd in the world), 113 million t of fruit (2nd in the world), 13.2 million t of meat (4th in the world) and 248 million t of milk (1st in the world) in 2024. Its largest crops by volume were sugar cane (453 million t), rice (218 million t) and wheat (113 million t).
- Products recorded
- 143
- World #1
- 36
- products
- World top 10
- 113
- products
- Year
- 2024
India is the world’s largest producer of rice, cow milk, buffalo milk, bananas, mangoes and guavas and 29 more products, and ranks second or third for 50 other products.
Among its twelve largest crops, the biggest ten-year change was in maize (+67%), followed by soybeans (+46%).
Livestock numbers: 195 million cattle, 8.3 million pigs, 115 million sheep and 211 million goats.
Totals by group
| Group | Tonnes | World rank | Share | 10-year change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All sugar crops | 453,158,494 | 2 | 20.28% | +29% |
| All cereals | 391,123,858 | 3 | 12.48% | +31% |
| All milk | 247,843,884 | 1 | 25.17% | +69% |
| All vegetables | 146,001,633 | 2 | 12.35% | +31% |
| All fruit | 112,907,641 | 2 | 11.84% | +27% |
| All roots and tubers | 65,619,684 | 3 | 6.95% | +18% |
| All pulses | 25,398,565 | 1 | 26.16% | +28% |
| All citrus fruit | 14,552,508 | 3 | 8.79% | +31% |
| All meat | 13,209,091 | 4 | 3.53% | +46% |
| All eggs | 8,101,885 | 2 | 8.1% | +97% |
| All tree nuts | 1,125,031 | 4 | 6.11% | +12% |
All products by volume, 2024
| Product | Tonnes | World rank | Share | 10-year change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sugar cane | 453,158,494 | 2 | 23.36% | +29% |
| Rice (paddy) | 217,867,864 | 1 | 26.56% | +36% |
| Cow milk | 135,000,000 | 1 | 16.93% | +103% |
| Wheat | 113,292,368 | 2 | 14.19% | +18% |
| Buffalo milk | 105,500,000 | 1 | 68.94% | +41% |
| Potatoes | 57,053,344 | 2 | 14.61% | +23% |
| Maize | 40,230,573 | 5 | 3.3% | +67% |
| Bananas | 37,614,362 | 1 | 26.98% | +27% |
| Raw sugar | 37,000,000 | 2 | 19.73% | +33% |
| Mangoes and guavas | 27,766,261 | 1 | 44.63% | +26% |
| Other vegetables, fresh n.e.c. | 26,077,397 | 2 | 9.26% | +21% |
| Onions, dry | 24,266,712 | 1 | 22.42% | +25% |
| Tomatoes | 21,323,223 | 2 | 11.31% | +14% |
| Soybeans | 15,132,082 | 5 | 3.81% | +46% |
| Seed cotton | 15,000,000 | 2 | 20.6% | −19% |
| Coconuts, in shell | 14,707,567 | 2 | 22.44% | +33% |
| Molasses | 14,399,167 | 2 | 19.65% | +23% |
| Rapeseed | 13,259,142 | 3 | 15.09% | +68% |
| Eggplants | 12,998,367 | 2 | 22.59% | −4.1% |
| Millet | 12,620,813 | 1 | 40.91% | +8.5% |
| Groundnuts (peanuts) | 11,945,539 | 2 | 20.75% | +58% |
| Other fruits, n.e.c. | 11,943,810 | 1 | 30.45% | +51% |
| Chick peas, dry | 11,038,756 | 1 | 65.39% | +16% |
| Cotton seed | 10,600,000 | 1 | 25.84% | −14% |
| Cabbages | 10,431,705 | 2 | 13.82% | +15% |
| Cauliflower and broccoli | 9,794,357 | 2 | 36.46% | +14% |
| Pumpkins and squash | 9,330,691 | 1 | 26.98% | +191% |
| Hen eggs | 8,101,885 | 2 | 8.65% | +97% |
| Beans, dry | 7,990,946 | 1 | 26.39% | +42% |
| Skim milk of cows | 7,762,032 | 5 | 5.44% | +230% |
| Goat milk | 7,335,907 | 1 | 35.9% | +42% |
| Okra | 7,305,410 | 1 | 55.1% | +15% |
| Peas, green | 6,670,595 | 2 | 30.69% | +72% |
| Cassava | 6,283,343 | 15 | 1.84% | −23% |
| Tea leaves | 6,156,031 | 2 | 18.81% | +17% |
| Tangerines and mandarins | 6,075,893 | 2 | 11.7% | +77% |
| Cotton lint | 5,528,744 | 2 | 22.38% | −8.6% |
| Sorghum | 5,413,005 | 3 | 8.42% | −0.7% |
| Chillies and peppers, green | 5,317,989 | 2 | 11.88% | +187% |
| Papayas | 5,292,173 | 1 | 36.11% | −6.2% |
| Chicken meat | 5,019,410 | 5 | 3.91% | +65% |
| Buffalo meat | 4,565,000 | 1 | 62.55% | +14% |
| Rapeseed or canola oil, crude | 4,113,000 | 4 | 13.1% | +68% |
| Ghee from buffalo milk | 3,949,184 | 1 | 87.09% | +38% |
| Grapes | 3,904,287 | 6 | 5.14% | +51% |
| Oranges | 3,851,837 | 5 | 5.73% | −0.9% |
| Lemons and limes | 3,835,727 | 1 | 16.53% | +35% |
| Watermelons | 3,721,254 | 2 | 3.55% | +106% |
| Pigeon peas, dry | 3,510,870 | 1 | 75.37% | +25% |
| Green garlic | 3,239,000 | 2 | 10.91% | +159% |
| Beer | 2,933,500 | 12 | 1.59% | +464% |
| Chillies and peppers, dry | 2,909,844 | 1 | 53.32% | +95% |
| Other beans, green | 2,897,509 | 2 | 11.17% | +112% |
| Carrots and turnips | 2,776,332 | 3 | 6.15% | +159% |
| Apples | 2,625,899 | 5 | 2.68% | +5.1% |
| Ginger | 2,333,000 | 1 | 47.74% | +256% |
| Groundnut oil | 2,309,000 | 1 | 35.91% | +3.4% |
| Anise, coriander, cumin and fennel | 2,107,138 | 1 | 78.85% | +135% |
| Soya bean oil | 2,093,000 | 5 | 3.49% | +10% |
| Cucumbers | 2,050,135 | 2 | 2.33% | +202% |
| Lentils, dry | 1,791,436 | 2 | 22.71% | +76% |
| Pineapples | 1,733,499 | 6 | 5.9% | −0.2% |
| Goat meat | 1,722,779 | 2 | 22.25% | +89% |
| Barley | 1,699,235 | 18 | 1.2% | −7.1% |
| Other tropical fruits, n.e.c. | 1,678,000 | 6 | 7.02% | −28% |
| Castor oil seeds | 1,587,531 | 1 | 87.47% | −15% |
| Melons | 1,540,738 | 2 | 5.45% | +103% |
| Other stimulant, spice and aromatic crops, n.e.c. | 1,433,572 | 1 | 43.28% | −4.7% |
| Jute, raw or retted | 1,412,390 | 2 | 38.15% | −28% |
| Areca nuts | 1,410,966 | 1 | 60.51% | +127% |
| Tea, packed | 1,399,840 | 2 | 19.18% | +16% |
| Whole milk powder | 1,328,860 | 2 | 26.48% | +68,363% |
| Sweet potatoes | 1,305,997 | 8 | 1.44% | +20% |
| Sheep meat | 1,292,048 | 2 | 11.2% | +144% |
| Lettuce and chicory | 1,174,760 | 3 | 4.16% | +7.3% |
| Cottonseed oil | 1,127,000 | 2 | 27% | −9.1% |
| Butter of buffalo milk | 1,099,414 | 1 | 58.17% | +38% |
| Peas, dry | 1,066,557 | 4 | 7.53% | +15% |
| Coir | 1,051,470 | 1 | 59.3% | +90% |
| Raw hides and skins of buffaloes | 1,006,375 | 1 | 67.15% | +14% |
| Yams | 977,000 | 6 | 1.06% | +340% |
| Natural rubber | 876,000 | 6 | 5.91% | −6.8% |
| Sesame seed | 866,111 | 1 | 12.96% | +4.6% |
| Cashew nuts, in shell | 794,910 | 2 | 18.74% | +5.6% |
| Other citrus fruit, n.e.c. | 789,051 | 3 | 5.89% | +5.8% |
| Edible offal of buffalo, fresh, chilled or frozen | 767,750 | 1 | 61.44% | +14% |
| Tobacco, unmanufactured | 727,203 | 2 | 12.02% | +1.1% |
| Skim milk and whey powder | 629,155 | 2 | 13.35% | +215% |
| Coconut oil | 549,000 | 3 | 17.58% | +3.6% |
| Margarine and shortening | 445,000 | 7 | 3.38% | −45% |
| Ghee from cow milk | 427,500 | 1 | 65.24% | +228% |
| Pork (pig meat) | 371,572 | 33 | 0.3% | +6.2% |
| Coffee, green | 363,000 | 7 | 3.22% | +19% |
| Mushrooms | 347,450 | 3 | 0.67% | +1,141% |
| Walnuts, in shell | 317,776 | 5 | 7.31% | +32% |
| Raw hides and skins of goats or kids | 313,233 | 2 | 20.54% | +89% |
| Buffalo fat, unrendered | 280,125 | 1 | 63.02% | +14% |
| Pears | 274,315 | 8 | 0.99% | −13% |
| Oil of sesame seed | 264,000 | 2 | 21.97% | +20% |
| Silk-worm cocoons suitable for reeling | 260,000 | 1 | 56.03% | +47% |
| Edible offal of goat, fresh, chilled or frozen | 259,983 | 2 | 17.59% | +89% |
| Raw hides and skins of sheep or lambs | 196,200 | 3 | 9.01% | +144% |
| Other meat of mammals, fresh or chilled | 194,190 | 3 | 12.38% | +8.1% |
| Sunflower seed | 177,329 | 23 | 0.34% | −63% |
| Tallow | 165,653 | 10 | 2.01% | +59% |
| Edible offal of sheep, fresh, chilled or frozen | 162,702 | 2 | 8.21% | +144% |
| Honey | 146,000 | 2 | 7.35% | +136% |
| Pepper (black, white) | 126,038 | 2 | 13.5% | +147% |
| Linseed | 112,693 | 5 | 3.75% | −21% |
| Peaches and nectarines | 108,719 | 23 | 0.39% | +16% |
| Kenaf | 101,905 | 1 | 44.28% | −2.0% |
| Goat fat, unrendered | 68,911 | 2 | 21.98% | +89% |
| Plums | 67,936 | 21 | 0.54% | −11% |
| Sunflower-seed oil, crude | 58,000 | 27 | 0.26% | −65% |
| Sheep fat, unrendered | 55,032 | 3 | 8.58% | +144% |
| Nutmeg, mace and cardamom | 54,031 | 2 | 27.4% | +157% |
| Safflower seed | 50,214 | 5 | 7.25% | −56% |
| Duck meat | 44,092 | 14 | 0.6% | +53% |
| Raw silk (not thrown) | 38,913 | 2 | 41.4% | +64% |
| Edible offal of pigs, fresh, chilled or frozen | 37,157 | 18 | 0.45% | +6.2% |
| Wool, greasy | 33,690 | 15 | 1.99% | −30% |
| Cocoa beans | 30,388 | 15 | 0.58% | +103% |
| Oil of linseed | 29,000 | 7 | 3.71% | −29% |
| Other oil seeds, n.e.c. | 27,000 | 23 | 1.11% | −65% |
| Fat of pigs | 26,541 | 18 | 0.23% | +6.2% |
| Beeswax | 24,521 | 1 | 37.99% | +3.9% |
| Cheese from whole cow milk | 21,375 | 57 | 0.09% | +620% |
| Strawberries | 21,101 | 32 | 0.2% | — |
| Pig fat, rendered | 20,294 | 27 | 0.33% | +6.0% |
| Kiwi fruit | 17,330 | 13 | 0.39% | +117% |
| Apricots | 15,937 | 36 | 0.35% | +13% |
| Figs | 14,730 | 15 | 1.1% | +4.1% |
| Safflower-seed oil, crude | 14,000 | 2 | 18.05% | −55% |
| Almonds, in shell | 12,345 | 20 | 0.31% | −5.0% |
| Cream, fresh | 11,172 | 35 | 0.3% | +609% |
| Cherries | 10,114 | 29 | 0.33% | −4.5% |
| Camel milk | 7,976 | 18 | 0.19% | −14% |
| Whey, dry | 6,982 | 31 | 0.21% | +621% |
| Oil of maize | 6,263 | 39 | 0.2% | +7.8% |
| Whole milk, evaporated | 2,607 | 39 | 0.09% | +608% |
| Other stone fruits | 2,400 | 14 | 0.39% | +7.6% |
| Other berries and fruits of the genus vaccinium n.e.c. | 2,268 | 29 | 0.21% | +6.5% |
| Whole milk, condensed | 1,366 | 40 | 0.07% | +225% |
Live animals, 2024
| Product | Head | World rank | Share | 10-year change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chickens | 852,885,000 | 7 | 3.08% | +18% |
| Goats | 210,632,609 | 1 | 17.74% | +49% |
| Cattle | 194,753,479 | 2 | 12.34% | +4.1% |
| Sheep | 114,623,765 | 2 | 8.41% | +64% |
| Buffalo | 112,377,516 | 1 | 53.01% | +2.2% |
| Ducks | 33,633,000 | 5 | 2.64% | +54% |
| Bees | 12,649,433 | 1 | 12.44% | +7.2% |
| Pigs | 8,299,528 | 20 | 0.86% | −17% |
| Camels | 175,530 | 22 | 0.4% | −54% |
| Horses | 174,515 | 37 | 0.31% | −72% |
| Mules and hinnies | 92,700 | 12 | 1.2% | −54% |
| Asses | 51,608 | 43 | 0.1% | −82% |
India among the world’s producers, 2024
Share of world production by country for the largest crops of India, which is outlined on the map.
Small island states are not drawn at this scale.
Production per person, 2024
India had 1.45 billion inhabitants in 2024 (FAOSTAT estimate). Production of its largest products per inhabitant, compared with the world average:
| Product | kg per person | World, kg per person | Ratio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sugar cane | 312 | 238 | 1.3× |
| Rice (paddy) | 150 | 100 | 1.5× |
| Cow milk | 93.0 | 97.7 | 1.0× |
| Wheat | 78.1 | 97.8 | 0.8× |
| Buffalo milk | 72.7 | 18.8 | 3.9× |
| Potatoes | 39.3 | 47.8 | 0.8× |
| Maize | 27.7 | 149 | 0.2× |
| Bananas | 25.9 | 17.1 | 1.5× |
| Raw sugar | 25.5 | 23.0 | 1.1× |
| Mangoes and guavas | 19.1 | 7.62 | 2.5× |
| Other vegetables, fresh n.e.c. | 18.0 | 34.5 | 0.5× |
| Onions, dry | 16.7 | 13.3 | 1.3× |
Production divided by population; it is not consumption, because crops are traded and used for feed, processing and industry.
Trade in agricultural products, 2024
India reported exports of 171 and imports of 128 of the products covered here; it was the world’s largest exporter of other stimulant, spice and aromatic crops, n.e.c.; meat of buffalo, fresh or chilled; chillies and peppers, dry (capsicum spp., pimenta spp.), raw; oil of sesame seed; groundnut oil; anise, badian, coriander, cumin, caraway, fennel and juniper berries, raw and 1 more.
Largest exports by value
| Product | Tonnes | Value | USD/kg | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meat of buffalo, fresh or chilled | 1,120,337 | USD 3.62 bn | 3.23 | 1 of 10 |
| Unmanufactured tobacco | 308,712 | USD 1.37 bn | 4.45 | 2 of 101 |
| Chillies and peppers, dry (Capsicum spp., Pimenta spp.), raw | 537,599 | USD 1.30 bn | 2.41 | 1 of 127 |
| Coffee, green | 254,486 | USD 1.11 bn | 4.35 | 9 of 131 |
| Anise, badian, coriander, cumin, caraway, fennel and juniper berries, raw | 377,393 | USD 955 m | 2.53 | 1 of 110 |
| Cotton lint, ginned | 465,001 | USD 904 m | 1.94 | 4 of 105 |
| Tea leaves | 249,986 | USD 804 m | 3.22 | 3 of 143 |
| Other stimulant, spice and aromatic crops, n.e.c. | 297,947 | USD 592 m | 1.99 | 1 of 148 |
| Raw cane or beet sugar (centrifugal only) | 899,675 | USD 533 m | 0.59 | 4 of 111 |
| Sesame seed | 244,269 | USD 497 m | 2.04 | 3 of 124 |
Largest imports by value
| Product | Tonnes | Value | USD/kg | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palm oil | 8,620,365 | USD 8.52 bn | 0.99 | 1 of 191 |
| Soya bean oil | 4,147,673 | USD 4.13 bn | 1.00 | 1 of 184 |
| Sunflower-seed oil, crude | 3,740,481 | USD 3.64 bn | 0.97 | 1 of 186 |
| Raw cane or beet sugar (centrifugal only) | 3,189,388 | USD 1.67 bn | 0.52 | 3 of 183 |
| Cashew nuts, in shell | 1,198,895 | USD 1.60 bn | 1.33 | 2 of 75 |
| Peas, dry | 2,948,124 | USD 1.36 bn | 0.46 | 1 of 179 |
| Pigeon peas, dry | 1,257,366 | USD 1.34 bn | 1.06 | 1 of 83 |
| Beans, dry | 976,596 | USD 1.06 bn | 1.09 | 1 of 185 |
| Almonds, in shell | 269,522 | USD 1.00 bn | 3.72 | 1 of 120 |
| Cotton lint, ginned | 451,426 | USD 989 m | 2.19 | 5 of 148 |
FAOSTAT detailed trade data, release of 23 July 2026: quantities in tonnes and values in current US dollars as reported; exports include re-exports. Only the FAO trade items that match Husfarm production pages are included: meat covers fresh or chilled meat only (frozen meat is a separate item), and processed goods such as milled rice or flour are not listed.
Questions and answers
What are the main crops produced in India?
By volume, the largest products of India in 2024 were sugar cane (453 million t), rice (paddy) (218 million t), cow milk (135 million t), according to FAOSTAT.
Is India the world’s largest producer of anything?
Yes. In 2024 India was the world’s largest producer of 36 products: rice (paddy), cow milk, buffalo milk, bananas, mangoes and guavas, onions, dry, millet, other fruits, n.e.c., chick peas, dry, cotton seed and others.
How much sugar cane does India produce per person?
About 312 kg per inhabitant in 2024, compared with a world average of 238 kg (production divided by population, FAOSTAT).
What does India export most?
By value, its largest agricultural exports in 2024 among the products covered here were meat of buffalo, fresh or chilled (USD 3.62 bn), unmanufactured tobacco (USD 1.37 bn), chillies and peppers, dry (capsicum spp., pimenta spp.), raw (USD 1.30 bn), according to FAOSTAT.
What does India import most?
By value, its largest agricultural imports in 2024 among the products covered here were palm oil (USD 8.52 bn), soya bean oil (USD 4.13 bn), sunflower-seed oil, crude (USD 3.64 bn).
Where does this data come from?
Production, trade and population figures are from FAOSTAT, the statistics database of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rankings, shares and per-person figures are calculated by Husfarm.
Source: FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Crops and livestock products. Accessed on 4 November 2026. fao.org/faostat. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Charts, rankings and changes calculated by Husfarm.