Trout
Trout are species of freshwater fish belonging to the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo, and Salvelinus, all of the subfamily Salmoninae of the family Salmonidae. Trout are an important food source for humans and wildlife, including brown bears, birds of prey such as eagles, and other animals. They are classified as oily fish.
In addition to the species listed above, several other members of the Salmonidae family have "trout" in their name (for example, salmon and char). Simply for clarity (and because there is no such thing as a "half-salmon"), this article will concern itself only with true trout.
Trout are often referred to as "freshwater fish", but most trout are born in saltwater. Some exceptions are "landlocked" trout that were cut off from the ocean by natural events, such as the last ice age, and brook trout species that live in freshwater for their entire lives. Sea-run brown trout is an example of a sea-run species of trout that migrate into freshwater to spawn.
Landlocked salmon and trout which live in freshwater for all or part of their lives are not a species of trout but belong to the separate genus Salmo. Trout are an important resource for humans worldwide, including areas where they are not native. They are commonly raised in fish farms and propagated through fish hatcheries; however, their ability to reproduce in the wild is limited by habitat fragmentation and other human-induced causes.
Trout have fins entirely without spines, and all of them have an adipose fin along the back, near the tail. The pelvic fins sit well back on the body, on each side of the anus. The swim bladder is connected to the esophagus, allowing for gulping or rapid expulsion of air, a condition known as physostome. Unlike many other physostome fish, trout do not use their bladder as an auxiliary device for oxygen uptake, relying solely on their gills. There are many species, and even more populations, that are isolated from each other and morphologically different. However, with a few exceptions, trout adapt well to different environments and are ready to breed when they reach about three inches in length. In general, trout tend to become slimmer and more streamlined the larger they grow.
Global trout production
Trout is one of the most popular fish in the world. Every year, millions of trout are caught by fishermen and consumed by people all over the globe. The majority of trout that are caught come from commercial fisheries, which produce trout for both the fresh and frozen fish markets.
The top five countries in the world for trout production are:
1. United States - The United States is the leading producer of trout in the world, with an annual production of over 500,000 metric tons. The majority of trout that is produced in the US comes from farms in Idaho, California, and Pennsylvania.
2. Norway - Norway is the second largest producer of trout in the world, with an annual production of over 200,000 metric tons. The trout that are produced in Norway is typically sold fresh, and most of the fish are exported to other countries in Europe.
3. Chile - Chile is the third largest producer of trout in the world, with an annual production of over 150,000 metric tons. The trout that are produced in Chile is typically sold fresh or frozen, and most of the fish are exported to other countries in South America.
4. Bulgaria - Bulgaria is the fourth largest producer of trout in the world, with an annual production of over 100,000 metric tons. The trout that are produced in Bulgaria are typically sold fresh or frozen, and most of the fish are exported to other countries in Europe.
5. Denmark - Denmark is the fifth largest producer of trout in the world, with an annual production of over 50,000 metric tons. The trout that are produced in Denmark is typically sold fresh or frozen, and most of the fish are exported to other countries in Europe.