Field Cress
Field pepperweed, Lepidium campestre, or Field Pepperwort is a common weed in fields and disturbed land, but can appear in any habitat. The usual flowering period of this species is from June to November. Field pepperweed gets its name from the pungent, peppery taste of its seed pods when crushed. It has a densely pubescent stem typically growing 30 to 100 cm tall with sparse leaves clustered near the base. Leaves are triangular to diamond-shaped with dentate or cleft margins. The inflorescence is terminal, simple racemes with pinkish-purple flowers that emit an unpleasant odor when crushed.
It can be found in forest edges and disturbed areas, roadsides, and the rims of trails. It prefers dry open soil or rocky ground. Field Pepperweed is a low-growing plant that has a thick taproot and aromatic foliage. The flowers produced by Field Pepperweed are mostly purple with four petals and bloom between July to October.
Each flower produces 4 brown seed pods that contain the peppery tasting seeds. Smaller plants develop more of their biomass in the root system while larger plants produce proportionately more leaves and stems. Field Pepperweed is a pioneer species which means it grows rapidly, tolerates disturbance satisfactorily, and establishes itself before most other plants are able to grow.
Field Pepperweed is a biennial plant which means it requires two years to complete its life cycle. During the first year, the root system is poorly developed and there are few or no flowers or leaves.
Flowers are small and inconspicuous with four purple petals that open only in bright sunlight; native insects do not pollinate them; can be identified by their strong peppermint-like scent when crushed.
Seeds are produced in brown pods that open explosively when ripe, shooting seeds as far as a meter away. Field pepperweed is a low-growing plant that has a thick taproot and highly aromatic foliage
The leaves have triangular to diamond-shaped with dentate or cleft margins. The inflorescence is terminal, simple racemes with pinkish-purple flowers that emit an unpleasant odor when crushed.
Field pepperweed is a biennial plant which means it requires two years to complete its life cycle. During the first year, the root system is poorly developed and there are few or no flowers or leaves. During the second growing season, when conditions are right, several stems will develop from the perennial root stock; each of these stems produces many branches and leaves. Flowers are small and inconspicuous with four purple petals that open only in bright sunlight; native insects do not pollinate them; can be identified by their strong peppermint-like scent when crushed
Global field cress production
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), global production of field cress was estimated at 1.9 million tonnes in 2013. The majority of this production is concentrated in Europe, where countries such as Germany, France, and the Netherlands are responsible for the majority of output. North America is another major producing region, with the United States accounting for a significant portion of global production. Other notable producing regions include Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Field cress is an annual herb that belongs to the mustard family. It is native to Europe and North Africa but has been introduced to other parts of the world, such as North America and Australia. The plant grows to a height of around 30 cm and has small, white flowers. The leaves of the plant are edible and have a peppery taste. Field cress is often used as a salad green or in sandwiches. It is also a popular ingredient in soups and stews.
The majority of field cress production takes place in Europe, with Germany, France, and the Netherlands being the major producers. North America is also a significant producer of the crop, with the United States accounting for a large share of global output. Other notable producing regions include Asia, Africa, and Latin America.